Antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and phytochemicals screenings of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) steenis) leaf extract
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans can cause caries in human teeth. Currently, people are starting to turn to herbal plants, one of which is the binahong plant known to be used as an antibacterial. Herbal plants must have biocompatibility properties with the cell in the body. To determine the antibacterial effectiveness of the ethanol extract of binahong leaves against S. mutans and to determine its toxic effect on fibroblast cells. The antibacterial activity of binahong leaf extract was evaluated by the agar diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). The method used for the cytotoxicity test in this study is the MTS Assay method. The phytochemical screening test of the sample ethanol extract of binahong leaves contained secondary metabolites of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and triterpenoids. The results showed that binahong can be used as an antibacterial with an average inhibition zone diameter of 14.513mm at a concentration of 100%. There was no cytotoxicity effect on fibroblast cells in vitro. The IC50 result of 983.88g/mL is safe to use as a limit value. Binahong plant which contains active biological components has significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans and a very low toxic effect on fibroblast cells, so it can be used and developed as an ingredient of natural antibacterial.
Keywords: Antibacterial, Binahong leaf, Caries, Cytotoxicity, Streptococcus mutans
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