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Abstract

Assessing physicians' KAP is critical to identifying gaps in ASCVD risk assessment practices, which are often suboptimal in the Middle East. Validated tools are lacking in this region, hindering targeted interventions to improve guideline adherence and patient outcomes. To evaluate physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk through a newly developed questionnaire to enhance evaluation and prevention. This cross-sectional investigation validated a questionnaire on physicians' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease possibility evaluation among statin prescribers in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Convenient sampling was used, targeting physicians with at least one year of post-residency experience. The questionnaire demonstrated strong reliability across all domains. Knowledge domain: Cronbach's Alpha >0.8, ITC 0.46–0.77, and significant correlations (p < 0.001, r = 0.574–0.825), with K6 (r = 0.825) and K7 (r = 0.785) showing strong validity. Attitude domain: Cronbach's Alpha 0.928–0.94, ITC ≥0.53, and correlations (r = 0.611–0.859, p < 0.001), with A2, A4, A7, A9 (>0.85) being the strongest. Practice domain: Cronbach's Alpha 0.916–0.933, ITC ≥0.543, and correlations (r = 0.63–0.90, p < 0.001), with P2 (r = 0.90) and P6 (r = 0.835) being the strongest. The overall questionnaire revealed excellent reliability (Cronbach's Alpha 0.931), and the KAP questionnaire was highly consistent (Cronbach's Alpha 0.913), confirming its validity for ASCVD risk assessment. The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) questionnaire is reliable and valid for assessing physicians' perspectives on ASCVD risk, with strong consistency and expert validation‎.

Keywords: Face validation, ASCVD, Content validation, KAP, Atherosclerosis

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