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Rayana Umar-Askhabovna Israilova , Alina Khamailovna Kochkarova , Linda Gennadevna Makhauri , Islam Abakarovich Abakarov , Linda Sharabudinovna Yusupova , Mali Salmanovna Getaeva , Victoriya Olegovna Ananeva , Markha Said-Magomedovna Khazbulatova^*✉

1. Department of Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia.
2. Department of Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia.

3. Department of Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky, Saratov, Russia.

4. Department of Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Dagestan State Medical University, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia.

5. Department of Therapy, Faculty of Pediatrics, Medical Institute, Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov, Grozny, Republic of Chechnya, Russia.

6. Department of Therapy, Faculty of Pediatrics, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia.

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs as a result of direct mechanical action on the brain and causes degeneration and cell death in the central nervous system. Cell transplantation has proven itself not only as an experimental method for studying structural and functional relationships, development, neuroplasticity, and regeneration in the adult central nervous system but has also recently shown optimistic results in restoring functions after traumatic brain injury. Unfortunately, TBI leads to the death of a large number of brain parenchyma, therefore, one of the promising approaches used in regenerative medicine is the use of three-dimensional biocompatible scaffolds capable of supporting the growth and integration of nerve cells at the site of injury. The biocompatibility of a biodegradable scaffold, which acts as a carrier of transplanted cells and replaces the matrix of nervous tissue during neuro transplantation, was studied on the model of experimental open brain injury in mice. The 3D biodegradable scaffold was created using micro stereolithographic techniques by combining bacterial cellulose and hyaluronic acid. In an experiment on the parameters of cognitive behavior of mice (a study of long-term conditioned reflexes and short-term memory during recognition of a new object), visualization of the integrity of brain tissue using high-field MRI (9.4 T), it was shown that transplantation of a 3D scaffold based on bacterial cellulose during reconstructive therapy of a brain tissue defect reduces cognitive deficit after injury, restores the integrity of brain tissue 5 months after injury.

Keywords: Neurotrauma, Cell therapy, Biodegradable scaffold, Biocompatibility, Cognitive disorders.

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