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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant challenge for patients. Dentists regularly encounter DM patients seeking orthodontic therapy, emphasizing the significance of comprehensive diagnosis and care before commencing orthodontic interventions. Regarding the importance of this issue, we aimed to review the orthodontic treatment in these patients. In this narrative review, a thorough search was conducted across multiple reliable databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, utilizing relevant keywords such as Orthodontics, Diabetes mellitus, patients, and treatment. The search encompassed articles from the inception to March 2024 in order to ensure a comprehensive understanding. We first found 76 articles and after thorough assessment, we included 31 of them. Orthodontic treatment may be postponed in situations with poorly controlled DM since it has been shown that uncontrolled situations might impair orthodontic outcomes by changing bone remodeling. Since plaque accumulation aided by orthodontic appliances can aggravate pre-existing periodontal disease, especially in diabetic patients, prioritizing good oral hygiene and periodontal maintenance is imperative for diabetic patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. In conclusion, maintaining periodontal health throughout therapy and providing detailed oral hygiene instructions are critical for patients with DM undergoing orthodontic treatment.