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Abstract

Global health initiatives highlight the importance of having a skilled pharmacy workforce. Organizations like JCPP and WHO/FIP support better pharmacy education, which includes mandatory Medication Management System (MMS) clerkships in Thailand’s Pharm.D. program. However, variations in clinical placements and learning objectives make it difficult to provide the best training. This study aimed to redesign the assessment for the clinical pharmacy clerkship training program to enhance this competency by incorporating clear learning objectives, structured activities, and effective evaluation methods. The research progressed in three phases: In Phase I, a document analysis of 277 existing project reports on medication management was conducted. The results revealed that only 50.2% of the projects met the learning outcomes. These findings served as input for clarifying new learning outcomes using a Delphi technique with 18 pharmacy faculty members from 19 universities. This process led to the identification of eight general outcomes and 19 specific outcomes, with a focus on safety and risk management. Phase II involved brainstorming sessions with 15 preceptors and 15 recent graduates to design structured learning and evaluation processes. In Phase III, a quasi-experimental design was used to analyze the revised clerkship model in real-world training. This involved measuring preceptors' review times, appraising student scores, and evaluating the usability of the model using the modified System Usability Scale (SUS). The revised clerkship manual improved assessment efficiency, reducing evaluation times from 4.33 to 3.33 minutes for experienced preceptors and from 5.08 to 2.75 minutes for novice preceptors. It was also user-friendly for both groups‎.

Keywords: Medication management system, Clerkship, Learning outcome, Pharmacy education

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