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Abstract

The sex ratio, the proportion of males to females, impacts community dynamics. The reported sex ratio at birth is approximately 105/100 males to females. Ovulation-inducing agents, commonly used to treat infertility, may alter this ratio, favoring more female births. This study examines the potential influence of these medications, particularly Follitropin Alpha, and Maternal age on neonatal gender distribution. The study involved 227 pregnant women in active labor, divided into two groups: spontaneous pregnancies (N=102) and induced pregnancies (N=125). The induced group included those treated with ovulation-inducing drugs such as letrozole, clomiphene citrate, or Gonal-F. Male newborns were significantly fewer in the ovulation-induced group compared to the spontaneous pregnancy group (37.6% vs. 52%, p<0.05). Maternal age did not influence the sex ratio, though the impact of induction drugs declined with age. Gonal-F alone yielded a comparable male-to-female ratio to spontaneous pregnancies (55.6% vs. 52%). However, combining Gonal-F with clomiphene or letrozole significantly reduced male births to 32% compared to 52% in spontaneous pregnancies. Ovulation induction drugs (OIDs) may skew the sex ratio toward female births, independent of maternal age. While Gonal-F alone does not affect male birth likelihood, in reverse to combining it with clomiphene or letrozole significantly reduces the probability of male neonates. The effect of OIDs on the male-to-female ratio tends to diminish as maternal age increases‎.

Keywords: Gonadotropin, Gonal F, Maternal age, Male%

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