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Yosi Febrianti , Muhammad Muhajir , Ulyatul Khoiroh , Fansyoska Claridho , Joep Ahmed Djojodibroto , Ninisita Srihadi

Abstract

There has not been much information about the general appropriateness of prescribing for patients who suffer from mental disorders. To find out the prevalence of Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIM) among psychogeriatric patients and to analyze the associations among PIM, age, gender, and polypharmacy. This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study carried out at four psychiatric hospitals in Yogyakarta. The 2019 Beers criteria were used to analyze the prevalence of PIMs in hospitalized patients. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with the use of PIMs. There were a total of 238 medical records reviewed. The patients participating in the study were predominantly male (52.4%). There was a total of 1425 medications used, with an average of 6.4 per person. Of the 1425 medications used, 895 (62.8%) of them were found to be on the Beers list, and the three most frequent ones were trihexyphenidyl, haloperidol, and risperidone. Based on the multivariate analysis, gender [odds ratio (OR) 1.64; 95% confident interval (CI): 1.22-2.20] and polypharmacy (OR 2.55; 95% CI: 1.89-3.44) were found to be the factors that had an association with an increased risk of PIMs. Elderly patients who suffer from severe psychiatric disorders are commonly given the prescription of PIMs. Nevertheless, it is necessary to consider safety as well as the challenges in dealing with psychogeriatric problems in clinical decision-making for this older population as shown in the Beers Criteria‎.

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