Views: 425 Downloads: 29

Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common opportunistic pathogen that can cause various infections. Many virulence factors, including exotoxin and exoenzyme genes, as well as the formation of a biofilm, may contribute to the pathogenicity of this organism. The PCR assay was conducted to evaluate the existence of exoT, exoA, plch, pvda, lasB, protease, phzM, and exoS virulence genes. On the other hand, this research comprises the detection of β-lactamase genes (bla_TEM, bla_SHV, and bla_CTX-M) and the detection of biofilm development and antibiotic susceptibility patterns among clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. In this investigation, 75 isolates of the bacteria P. aeruginosa were obtained and tested from various clinical specimens. Isolates were found to have distinct antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The virulence genes were identified with a PCR assay. It was determined whether biofilm creation was possible. A test for antibiotic susceptibility revealed that the highest resistance rate toward antibiotics was recorded against Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (75, 100%), and the lowest resistance rate was Meropenem (18, 24%). Imipenem was shown to be the most effective antibiotic, with 100 percent of isolates responsive to it. The phzM and exoS genes were present in 90.67% and 82.67% of the samples. Both exoA and pvda genes were found in forty-three of the isolates tested (57.33%).

Eventually, this study revealed that P. aeruginosa exotoxin and exoenzyme genes, specifically the exoS gene, are the most common virulence factor in bacterial isolates from wound swab samples. When treating P. aeruginosa infection, biofilm is a severe obstacle to overcome‎‎.