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Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy remains a significant public health concern. The lack of proper disease control strategies and limited awareness further contribute to increased diabetes related complications. D. dimer and haematological parameters are simple and could be of great benefit in the prediction of complications. This study aims to evaluate haematological parameters and dimer levels in Sudanese diabetic patients with retinopathy to assess their clinical significance and diagnostic potential in the improvement of diabetic complications. This case-control study enrolled diabetic patients with type 2, who were diagnosed with vision issues, but most of them had cataract and retinal issues related to DM. The majority of subjects, 28(53.8%), were female; the selected diabetes patients were undergoing sample collection for CBC and dimer assessment. CBC conducted by BC3000, D. dimer assessed by Fine-care device, data obtained and analysed via SPSS. The study revealed that Haemoglobin levels were reduced in 19.2%of patients, low TWBC among 7.7%, and elevated in 3.8% of patients, platelet counts were decreased in 7.7%, but remained within the normal range in 88.5% of patients. Comparing data of the case group with data of the control group showed that PDW was decreased among diabetic patients with retinopathy than control), while monocyte %, MPV, and D dimer, all 3 parameters, were increased among diabetic patients with retinopathy, and the p-value for each was low than 0.05. This study highlights important haematological changes in T2DM patients with diabetic retinopathy, focusing on their potential role in disease progression and complications‎.

Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), D-dimer, Mean platelet volume, Platelet distribution width

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