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Abstract

Lygodium microphyllum (LLM) has long been a cornerstone of traditional medicine for treating diverse physiological disorders; however, its pharmacological transition into modern therapeutics remains incomplete. This study addresses this gap by investigating the physicochemical profile of LLM water extract processed through lyophilization (freeze-drying) and evaluating its dual-functional potential as both an antifungal and antidiabetic agent. Analytical profiling via LC-HRMS revealed a robust yield of highly polar secondary metabolites, identifying key compounds. Physicochemically, the lyophilized extract demonstrated optimal water solubility and a near-neutral pH, enhancing its suitability for pharmaceutical formulation. Pharmacological assays confirmed potent antifungal activity, evidenced by significant inhibition zones against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Malassezia furfur. Furthermore, in vivo evaluations identified 300 mg/kg BW as the optimal antidiabetic dose, demonstrating maximum glucose-lowering efficacy (p = 0.749 relative to controls). These findings substantiate the novelty of lyophilized Lygodium microphyllum as a high-yield source of bioactive polar metabolites. By bridging the gap between traditional knowledge and rigorous analytical validation, this research provides a standardized foundation for the development of multifaceted botanical drugs targeting metabolic and fungal pathologies simultaneously‎.

Keywords: L. microphyllum, LC-HRMS, Antifungal, Antidiabetic

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