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Abstract

Correlation between gene Expression and recurrence as a treatment failure in pediatric patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is an unsolved problem in scientific associations. We evaluate predictive value of PDGFRB expression level for estimating recurrence in Iranian Pediatric Patients with ALL and its MRD after chemotherapy. ALL MRD refers to the presence of residual Leukemia cells following the achievement of complete remission. MRD can be crucial with genetic novel biomarkers for risk stratification moreover It has effective role at target therapy and patient’s survival rate management. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction reacting was done with GAPDH for expressing PDGFRB gene. Gathered data, analyzed with SPSS version 22 and REST 2009 software. Peripheral Blood (PB) of Iranian pediatric patients with approved ALL enrolled in this study. PDGFRB gene expressing was analyzed by RT-PCR. The results showed that PDGFRB gene expression was significantly up regulated in new diagnosis patients (Median, p<0.001) and relapse phases (Median, p<0.005) compared to the control group (Median, p<0.001). PDGFRB gene expression in induction phase was significantly lower than its level at new diagnosis stage (p<0.001). Moreover, PDGFRB gene was significantly up regulated in relapse phase compared to the new diagnosis. One hundred ALL samples (50: new case, 30: controls, and 20: Relapsed) enrolled. Our study revealed that up-expression of PDGFRB is a novel remarkable biomarker in pediatric B-ALL and it may play a critical role in leukemogenesis. The authors suggest of designing a multiple childhood malignancy center project to evaluate this pattern in a cohort study‎.

Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, PDGFRB, MRD, Relapse, Prognostic marker