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Abstract

The study of the contradictory roles of the gut microbiota in carcinogenesis reveals the complex interactions between intestinal microorganisms and tumor formation. This microbial ecosystem, composed of several bacterial species, plays an essential role in human biological balance. However, a disruption of this microbial community can potentially trigger the emergence of cancers, particularly colon cancer. This research aims to explore how certain intestinal bacteria, identified as oncogenic agents, participate in the initiation and progression of tumors through various processes, such as the induction of chronic inflammation, the production of genotoxic toxins, and the epigenetic regulation of genes. In parallel, the intestinal microbiota also has anticancer properties, where certain bacteria show an ability to trigger robust immune responses, positively modulate the tumor microenvironment, and increase the effectiveness of cancer therapies. A better understanding of these mechanisms could lead to innovative therapeutic approaches, where the protective properties of the microbiota would be integrated into personalized treatments, aimed at preventing and combating cancer while reducing the oncogenic risks associated with dysbiosis. This perspective opens new possibilities for precision medicine, where the microbiota could become both a therapeutic target and an essential tool in the fight against cancer diseases‎.

Keywords: Intestinal microbiota, Carcinogenesis, Dysbiosis, Oncogenic, Epigenetics, Bacterial therapy

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