Sakineh Rakhshanderou, Mohtasham Ghaffari, Fatemeh Tajedini

Abstract

Introduction: One of the most effective strategies to reduce mortality and morbidity in newborns is exclusive breastfeeding for six months. The current study aimed to determine the predictors of intention to breastfeed exclusively in mothers referred to comprehensive health services centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences using the theory of planned behavior. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was carried out on 420 women who referred to comprehensive health services centers affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences through multistage sampling. The data gathering tool was a standard questionnaire based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior. The questionnaires were completed, and the data were entered into SPSS 16, and then they were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests. Results: Results showed that 79.1% of the mothers intended to breastfeed exclusively until the end of six months. All three constructs of attitude (P <0.001 and r = 0.36), subjective norms (P< 0.001 and r = 0.74), and perceived behavioral control (P <0.001 and r = 0.58) have a significant correlation with intention. Among the variables introduced into the regression model, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control could predict 65% of the variances in intention to breastfeed exclusively (R2 = 0.65- R= 0.80). The strongest predictor was subjective norms. Conclusion: Regarding the predictability of the planned behavior theory, and since subjective norms and perceived behavioral control are the proper predictors for the intention to breastfeed exclusively; it is essential to consider the theory of planned behavior, especially these factors in the design of breastfeeding interventions.