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Mozhgan Sametzadeh , Zahra Fazelinezhad , Mohammad Ghasem Hanafi , Asma Javadipour

Abstract

Little information exists about the effect of the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy on the prognosis of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study investigates the relationship between mediastinal lymphadenopathy in the chest CT scan of Covid-19 patients and the mortality rate in Razi Hospital of Jundishapur University, Ahvaz. As a single-center retrospective case-control study, it included 300 COVID-19 patients over 15 years of age with positive RT-PCR test and lung involvement. We had two patient groups: 280 patients without lymphadenopathy and 20 patients with lymphadenopathy. We recorded the information of the patients, including age, sex, and mortality, and investigated their relationship with lymphadenopathy.

Out of 300 COVID patients, 280 (93.3%) had no lymphadenopathy and 20 (6.7%) had lymphadenopathy. From among the two groups without lymphadenopathy and with lymphadenopathy, 3 people died from the lymphadenopathy group (15%) and 22 people from the non-lymphadenopathy group (7.9%). It shows that although the mortality rate was higher in the group of patients with lymphadenopathy, but it was not statistically significant (p=0.22). Thus, age and gender were not associated significantly with lymphadenopathy and non-lymphadenopathy groups. The present study did not find a significant relationship between the lymphadenopathy and the variables of age, gender and mortality. Although enlarged mediastinal lymphadenopathy has been reported as an uncommon radiologic finding, the mediastinum should be evaluated for enlarged mediastinal lymphadenopathy and it may be useful as a biomarker for progressive disease.