Shanti F. Boesoirie, Putri Hartini, Raden A. Kartiwa, Mohamad R. Dahlan, Bambang Setiohadjie, Arif S. W. Kusuma, Nur Atik, Basril Abbas, Paramita Pandansari

Abstract

Titanium-based material or commonly known as “titanium plate” is a type of implant that is widely used for maxillofacial trauma treatment. The use of titanium plate has shown a great impact on osteo-conductivity but it is still lacking an impact on osteo-stimulation promotion. Mud crab shell has components that are very similar to human bone. Thus, the use of mud crab shell as a novel material is expected to mimic the osteo-conductive, osteo-stimulation/ and osteo-integration ability of natural human bone. The compatibility of the mud crab shell as a biomaterial can be assessed by testing the foreign body giant cells. This was an animal-model study with the implantation of titanium plates and crab shell. Fourteen Wistar strain of white male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were randomly divided into two different groups. Injury in the calvaria bone was applied to both groups. Then, the first group was treated with titanium plate implantation while the second group was treated with mud crab shell implantation. Fifteen days after the implantation, the calvaria bone from both groups was extracted and histologic preparation was made. The counting procedure of foreign body giant cells and inflammatory-infiltration number were performed by using a microscope. The number of foreign body giant cells found in the first group was lower compared to the second group, while the inflammatory-infiltration of both groups was found to be as equal. Biomaterial from mud crab (Scylla serrata) shell is potential as a novel xenograft material for maxillofacial trauma treatment.