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Abstract

Introduction: The study aims to determine the fetal and maternal consequences of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and small for gestational age (SGA) pregnancies ≤32 weeks, referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahwaz City, Iran.

Materials and Methods: This study examines pregnant women with FGR and SGA ≤32 weeks (March 2021-2022) in Ahwaz, Iran. After obtaining consent forms from participants, 127 participants were included in the study. The study collected data from their medical records.

Results: The Study participant’s average age was 29.13 years. Most participants had no previous pregnancy or abortion (n=95, 74.8%). Cesarean section was the most common delivery method (90.6%, n=115), and a significant number of participants had gestational diabetes (22%, n=28) and gestational hypertension (19.7%, n=25). Most participants were diagnosed with IUGR stage I (67.7%). Fetal distress was the most common cause of premature termination (n=39, 45.9%). Abnormal Doppler indices were found in 95.3% of participants (n=121). The first and second-trimester screening tests showed that 7.1% and 10.2% had abnormal results, respectively. Intrauterine fetal death rate was 7.9% (n=10).

Conclusion: The study found 7.9% Intrauterine fetal death (n=10). Additionally, overall infant mortality rates were found to be 14.2%, 16.5%, and 18.1% for Infants up to one, three, and six months of age, respectively. Abnormal Neurological health and movement status occurred in 3.9% (n=5) and 11% (n=14) of the infants at three months, 4.7% (n=6) and 11% (n=14) of the infants at six months, respectively.