Waleed K. Abdulsahib, Osama Q. Fadhil, Sattar J. Abood

Abstract

Background: The development of bacteria resistant to the antimicrobial (AM) in hospitals and other health care settings is the main concern of public health. Great AM consumption chiefly in hospitals frequently defined as the most vital factor leading to AM resistance. This study aimed to know the most common bacteria found in our hospitals, most susceptible and resistant AM agents. Patient and Method: This study was done in 10 hospitals of the western half of Baghdad (Al-Karkh side) and continues for two months. In this study, 3055 samples were collected (1718 males & 1337 females) and examined for detection of AM resistance by cultural methods. Culture samples testing directly using Vitek 2 that give dependable proof of identity and susceptibility outcomes after 18–24 h for strains.  Results: Study revealed about 38% of samples were taken from blood & about 39% of samples were taken from urine, also about 32% of urine & about 13.7% of blood samples have growth. The main bacteria isolated in urine cultures were 37.5 % Escherichia coli (E. coli), 15.3 %, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ps. aeruginosa) 14.5 %, on the other hand, about 24 % of blood culture isolations were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), 23.5 % Staphylococcus Albus (S. Albus), 14.5% Ps. aeruginosa and 12 % Escherichia coli (E. coli). The main sensitive AM in urine samples are meropenem (91%), on the other hand, the main resistant AM is cefepime (85 %), in blood culture the main important sensitive AM is meropenem (84%), on the other hand, 79.5% of cefotaxime was resistance. Conclusion: The main bacteria isolated in a urine culture is E. coli, while S. aureus is the main bacteria isolated in blood culture. Also, the present study revealed the more effective antimicrobial for urine bacteria are: meropenem, amikacin, and nitrofurantoin and the more efficient AM for blood bacteria are meropenem, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin‎.