Akhmad Priyadi, Ahmad Muhtadi, Auliya A. Suwantika, Sri Adi Sumiwi

Abstract

Background: In 2014, it was estimated that there were 422 million adults living with diabetes while there were 108 million ones in 1980. Since, 1980, the prevalence (age-standardized) of diabetes has almost doubled globally, increasing from 4.7% to 8.5% in the adult population. Diabetes caused 1.5 million death in 2012. According to WHO, in 2013, one of the world's most significant health expenditure was diabetes mellitus, about 612 billion dollars, or about 11% of the total direct health expenditure in the world. In 2014, there were 96 million adults with diabetes in 11 countries in the South East Asia region, with the prevalence of diabetes among adult patients increasing from 4.1% in 1980's to 8.6% in 2014. Objective:The aim of the study was to identify and review the original articles which evaluated the economic impact of diabetes mellitus management in South East Asia. Method: PubMed and ProQuest database were reviewed to identify the economic evaluation of DMT2 management in South East Asia. The inclusion criteria used in this study were all the original research articles published between 2005 and 2014 on the economic evaluation of DMT2 management in South East Asia, using cost-minimization analysis, cost-benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, as well as cost-utility analysis. The articles were assessed using the checklist of the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS). Result: 15 articles were potentially related to this study. The evaluation of the economic impact of DMT2 management in South East Asia included the cost, medical and non-medical cost-effectiveness, assessment and acceptance from the community. The uses of DMT2 single-drug or combination drugs could be used as a strategy to treat or reduce DMT2 disease and avoid complications caused by this disease, by providing better cost-effectiveness. The diabetic patients were expected to become more frequently disciplined in medical use and also in purchase of drugs. Quality-adjusted life year (QALY) was the main outcome to appraise the effectiveness of these studies. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was computed in the range from $93,896.52 to $110,713.08 per QALY. Conclusion: Early DMT2 drugs treatment was a cost-effective alternative in the Southeast Asian countries. Complications have had a significant impact on the costs of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. T