Nyi Mekar Saptarini, Irma Erika Herawati

Abstract

Plant standardization requires determination of the total content of various classes of secondary metabolites, due to dosage determination in the preparation. Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.) is one of the ethomedicines in Indonesian society. The purpose of this study was to determine the total alkaloids and flavonoids content in leaf, fruit, and stem of black nightshade and to determine the effect of acidified solvent in the alkaloids and flavonoids extraction. The novelty of this study was black nightshade from West Java, Indonesia. The colorimetric method was conducted to determinate total alkaloids content using thiourea and aluminum chloride to determinate total flavonoids content. The total alkaloids content was 0.256-0.389 mg/g in fruit, 0.066-0.159 mg/g in leaf, and 0.144-0.283 mg/g in stem. Total flavonoids content was 0.420-0.582 mg/g in fruit, 0.492-0.556 mg/g in leaf, and 0.240-0.372 mg/g in stem. Fruit has highest total alkaloids content and leaf has highest total flavonoids content. Acidified solvents were increasing the alkaloid and flavonoid extraction by 120.7-240.9% and 108.9-155.0%, respectively‎.